“孟冬寒氣至,北風(fēng)何慘栗?!薄吨袊?guó)天文年歷》顯示,11月7日18時(shí)45分迎來2022年“立冬”節(jié)氣。
天象預(yù)報(bào)
立冬**——小雪**
太陽
在天秤座運(yùn)行。目前太陽活動(dòng)性不強(qiáng),太陽正面有數(shù)群小黑子,可通過帶減光的望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測(cè)。
月亮
11月8日,一場(chǎng)罕見的月全食和月掩天王星同時(shí)登臨夜幕。本次月全食初虧17:09,復(fù)圓20:49,中國(guó)東北和東部沿海區(qū)域可見月食全過程,其他地區(qū)可見帶食而出。全食階段會(huì)發(fā)生月掩天王星,我國(guó)不同地點(diǎn)的掩始時(shí)間會(huì)略有不同。
水星
由天秤座順行至天蝎座,11月9日水星上合日,在太陽背后不可見。
金星
由天秤座順行至天蝎座。金星位于在太陽附近,不可見。
火星
在金牛座逆行?;鹦桥c地球的距離快速減小,亮度在持續(xù)增加,夜晚7時(shí)左右升起,黎明前都可以觀測(cè)。11月11日火星合月,地心所見火星在月球以南2.47度的地方,晚8點(diǎn)左右可見二者相伴出現(xiàn)在東方夜空。
木星
在雙魚座逆行。傍晚,明亮的木星位于東南方夜空,黎明前從西方落下。
土星
在摩羯座順行。入夜位于南方天空,前半夜可以觀測(cè)。
小知識(shí)
北京時(shí)間11月8日,今年第二次月全食將在夜幕中上演,這次月全食食分1.364,初虧的時(shí)間是17:09,食既18:17,食甚18:59,生光19:42,復(fù)圓20:49。這次月食在歐洲東北部、亞洲(除西南部)、印度洋東部、大洋洲、太平洋、北美洲、南美洲西部、北大西洋西部、北冰洋、南極洲極小部分可以看到。中國(guó)東部可見月食全過程,其他地區(qū)可見帶食而出。
月全食總是發(fā)生在滿月時(shí)期,由于月球本身不發(fā)光,當(dāng)月球、地球、太陽運(yùn)行到一條直線上,月球如果完全進(jìn)入地球的本影,原本投射在月球上的太陽光被地球擋住,就會(huì)發(fā)生月全食。全食階段的月球并非完全看不到,地球的大氣層會(huì)把太陽光中波長(zhǎng)較長(zhǎng)的紅光折射至月球表面,從而使月球呈現(xiàn)暗紅色,也就是大家常說的“紅月亮”。此時(shí)如果有人在月球正面,會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)太陽被地球完全遮住,從而出現(xiàn)日全食現(xiàn)象。并且月球上可以看到“黑色地球”的邊緣被一圈紅色光暈包裹,周圍的天空則是一如既往的點(diǎn)綴著星星的黑色。
這次月全食還遇上了月掩天王星,可謂非常罕見。天王星亮度在5.6等左右,平時(shí)與明亮的月亮在一起時(shí)很難觀測(cè)到。但是在本次月全食時(shí)期,月球的亮度變得很暗,借助望遠(yuǎn)鏡,附近的天王星就可以觀測(cè)了。對(duì)于南京地區(qū)來說,月掩天王星發(fā)生在19時(shí)10分,20點(diǎn)09分結(jié)束。在這一段時(shí)間之前和之后,借助天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡可以看到紅月亮與天王星相伴夜空,十分罕見。
The Beggining of Winter
The nineteenth solar term of 2022 , Beginning of Winter(Lidong in Chinese), falls on November 7th at 18:45, when the longitude of the Sun reaches 225o. This marks the arrival of winter. With the southing of cold air, the weather becomes colder, and the world goes into hibernation.
Astronomical Forecast
Beginning of Winter——Minor Snow
⊙
The Sun
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The Sun travels in Libra. Currently, solar activity is low, with a few groups of sunspots on its surface. They can be observed through a telescope with a solar filter.
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The Moon
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On November 8th, a rare total lunar eclipse and a lunar occultation of Uranus occur simultaneously. The first contact of the eclipse occurs at 17:09 and the last contact at 20:49. The full process can be seen in the northeast of China and the eastern coast of China. In other regions, the rising moon can be seen during the eclipse. A lunar occultation of Uranus takes place at the same time. The immersion time varies in different regions.
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Mercury
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Mercury travels in prograde motion from Libra to Scorpio. On November 9th, Mercury is at superior conjunction with the Sun. It is behind the Sun and invisible.
♀
Venus
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Venus travels in prograde motion from Libra to Scorpio. It is near the sun and hence is invisible.
♂
Mars
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Mars travels in retrograde motion in Taurus. Its distance to the Earth decreases rapidly and its magnitude rises continuously. It rises around 7 p.m in the evening. On November 11th, Mars is at conjunction with the Moon. Seen from the centre of the Earth, Mars is at 2.47o south of the Moon. At 8 p.m., they appear together in the eastern sky.
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Jupiter
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Jupiter travels in retrograde motion in Pisces. A bright Jupiter appears in the eastern sky at dusk and falls in the western sky before dawn.
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Saturn
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Saturn travels in prograde motion in Capricornus. In the evening, it appears in the southern sky and can be observed in the earlier portion of the night.
輪值主編:朱聽雷
制作、編輯:王科超
英文版設(shè)計(jì):朱曼清
(金陵中學(xué))ZHU manqing